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INTEL HD GRAPHICS 4000 OPENCL DRIVER PORTABLE

read-only memory: smaller, low latency, writable by the host CPU but not the compute devices ( _constant).

global memory: shared by all processing elements, but has high access latency ( _global).

OpenCL defines a four-level memory hierarchy for the compute device:

In addition to that C++ features can also be used when implementing compute kernel sources in C++ for OpenCL language. More recently Khronos Group has ratified SYCL, a higher-level programming model for OpenCL as a single-source DSEL based on pure C++17 to improve programming productivity.

INTEL HD GRAPHICS 4000 OPENCL DRIVER PORTABLE

In order to open the OpenCL programming model to other languages or to protect the kernel source from inspection, the Standard Portable Intermediate Representation (SPIR) can be used as a target-independent way to ship kernels between a front-end compiler and the OpenCL back-end. : 15 An implementation of the OpenCL standard consists of a library that implements the API for C and C++, and an OpenCL C compiler for the compute device(s) targeted. The OpenCL standard defines host APIs for C and C++ third-party APIs exist for other programming languages and platforms such as Python, Java, Perl, D and. Programs in the OpenCL language are intended to be compiled at run-time, so that OpenCL-using applications are portable between implementations for various host devices. In addition to its C-like programming language, OpenCL defines an application programming interface (API) that allows programs running on the host to launch kernels on the compute devices and manage device memory, which is (at least conceptually) separate from host memory. How a compute device is subdivided into compute units and PEs is up to the vendor a compute unit can be thought of as a " core", but the notion of core is hard to define across all the types of devices supported by OpenCL (or even within the category of "CPUs"), : 49–50 and the number of compute units may not correspond to the number of cores claimed in vendors' marketing literature (which may actually be counting SIMD lanes). A single kernel execution can run on all or many of the PEs in parallel. : 17 A single compute device typically consists of several compute units, which in turn comprise multiple processing elements (PEs). Functions executed on an OpenCL device are called " kernels". It defines a C-like language for writing programs. OpenCL views a computing system as consisting of a number of compute devices, which might be central processing units (CPUs) or "accelerators" such as graphics processing units (GPUs), attached to a host processor (a CPU).

8 Portability, performance and alternatives.

2.2.3 Tooling and Execution Environment.2.2.2 Example: complex number arithmetic.

2.1.1 Example: matrix-vector multiplication.

Conformant implementations are available from Altera, AMD, ARM, Creative, IBM, Imagination, Intel, Nvidia, Qualcomm, Samsung, Vivante, Xilinx, and ZiiLABS. OpenCL is an open standard maintained by the non-profit technology consortium Khronos Group. OpenCL provides a standard interface for parallel computing using task- and data-based parallelism. OpenCL specifies programming languages (based on C99, C++14 and C++17) for programming these devices and application programming interfaces (APIs) to control the platform and execute programs on the compute devices. OpenCL ( Open Computing Language) is a framework for writing programs that execute across heterogeneous platforms consisting of central processing units (CPUs), graphics processing units (GPUs), digital signal processors (DSPs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) and other processors or hardware accelerators. AMD, Gallium Compute, IBM, Intel NEO, Intel SDK, Texas Instruments, Nvidia, POCL, Arm